Participles - English Grammar Notes

Types

1. Present Participle
2. Past Participle

# Present Participle

• Here running is come alone without any helping verb, so from this we got to know that 'running ' is not a part of tense.
• If we use only ' run ' instead of ' running ' it doesn't make any sense
• So when v₁ + ing comes alone, without them sentence doesn't make any sense is known as participle.
• If it in the present tense ( is, are is used ) , then the participle is known as Present Participle.
• Here participle is act as an adjective.

# Past Participle 

• Used for all perfect tense forms of a verb and in the passive voice.

Example: He hid the money in his recently gotten shirt.

                Here gotten is past participle because :

• It acts as adjective because it adds the quality or describes about noun. ( Here noun is shirt )
• No helping verb is used with ' gotten ' so it cannot be a part of tense.
• It is third form of verb.

Example : He took the gun. He shot the tiger.

          Having taken the gun, he shot the tiger.    [ Active Voice ]

          Here past participle is used with having

So in the active voice past participle can come as

          having + v₃

Having been taken the gun, he shot the tiger.     [ Passive Voice ]

[ He : Subject of Reference ]

Find More Easy & Concise English Grammar Notes Here:

• Articles
• Nouns
• Tenses
• Subject Verb Agreement
• Adjective