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Product Life Cycle - Marketing Concepts

Published on Monday, November 11, 2019
The product life cycle is a set of various stages through which every product has to go. When a product is first introduced in the market, people will take some time to adopt it. After adoption, demand increase to a lifetime high. After watching that a product is earning premium profits, competitors start producing similar products. As competition increases, profitability decreases. Soon there alternative and better products are introduced in the market.
Let's take an example of iPod.

Stages

Introduction

Apple invested lots of funds to make this product. When iPod was launched, it didn't get market attention. It was widely advertised, so profit volume was low.

Product Life cycle

Growth

After some time iPod became popular and as there was no alternative to this portable music player, people were ready buy it for a premium price. Demand was huge while Apple was charging premium price. 

Maturity 

Now many other Chinese producer brought cheap portable music players which were available for fraction of dollars. Now many customers switched to these cheap portable music players. Now Apple decreased the price of iPod. So the demand of iPods stabilized and profitability decreased.

Product extension

Apple brought touch screen iPod, demand and profitability stabilized.

Decline

Now people have smartphones and quality of music in smartphones is really good. People don't need any portable music players. There are few people who still prefer a portable music player because they love "iPod" brand.

Now profit is negligible and demand goes down to all times low.

Death of product

As Apple starting incurring loses on this product and this product leads to working capital and floor space blockage, Apple discontinued this product. Now Apple is concentrating more on iPhone, iPads and Macs.  

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Ramandeep Singh

Ramandeep Singh - Educator

I'm Ramandeep Singh, your guide to banking and insurance exams. With 14 years of experience and over 5000 successful selections, I understand the path to success firsthand, having transitioned from Dena Bank and SBI. I'm passionate about helping you achieve your banking and insurance dreams.

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