Vitamins are nutrients for human body needs to function and fight off disease. Human body cannot produce vitamins itself, so we must get them through food
you eat or in some cases supplements.
Vitamin was invented by Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins. The term vitamin was coined by Casimir Funk.
There are 13 vitamins that are essential to our body working well. Knowledge of the different types and understanding the purpose of these vitamins are
important for good health.
Types and Examples of Foods
On the basis of solubility, there are two types of vitamins: fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins.
A. Fat-soluble Vitamins
are stored in your fat cells, consequently requiring fat in order to be absorbed.
The fat soluble vitamins: Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E & Vitamin K
B. Water-soluble Vitamins
are not stored in your body; therefore, they need to be replenished daily. Your body takes what it needs from the food you eat and then excretes what is
not needed as waste. Here is a list of vitamin types and some common food sources:
The water soluble vitamins: Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin C.
Chemical Name, Deficiency Disease and Sources of Vitamins
Vitamin
|
Chemical Name
|
Deficiency Disease
|
Sources
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A | Retinol | Night Blindness
Xerosis Conjunctiva Xerosis Cornea Bitot’s Spots |
Milk, Egg, Cheese, Green Vegetable, Fish Liver Oil |
| Vitamin D | Calciferol | Rickets (in Children)
Osteomalacia (in Adults) |
Fish Liver Oil, Milk, Egg |
| Vitamin E | Tocopherol | Less Fertility | Leafy Vegetables, Milk, Butter, Vegetable Oil, Sprouted Wheat |
| Vitamin K | Phylloquinone | Non-clotting of Blood | Green Vegetable, Tomato, Soybean Oil |
| Vitamin B1 | Thiamin | Beriberi | Green Vegetables, Ground Nut, Seed, Liver, Pulses, Egg |
| Vitamin B2 | Riboflavin | Cracking of Skin
Red-dish Eye |
Green Vegetables, Milk, Meat |
| Vitamin B3 | Niacin | Whitening of Hair | Sugarcane, Milk, Meat, Nut, Tomato |
| Vitamin B5 | Pantothenic Acid | Pellegra | Ground Nut, Potato, Tomato, Leafy Vegetables, Meat |
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine | Anemia
Skin Disease |
Grains, Liver, Meat |
| Vitamin B7 | Biotin | Paralysis
Hair Falling |
Milk, Egg, Liver, Meat |
| Vitamin B9 | Folic Acid (Folate) | Anemia | Vegetables, Pulses, Liver, Egg |
| Vitamin B12 | Cynocobalamin | Anemia, Jaundice | Milk, Meat |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic Acid | Scurvy | Orange, Lemon, Tomato, Chilly |
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