- John Von Neumann developed the concept of storing program instructions and data in the memory of the computer in binary form. Electronic Delayed Storage and Calculation (EDSAC) was the first computer to implemen the 'stored program concepts'.
- Augusta Ada Bryon is the first female computer scientist and programmer. She worked with Charles Babbage (known as the father of computers).
- Jack St. Clair Kelby and Robert Noyce invented the first Integrated Circuit (IC). IC consists of transisters and electronic circuits on a single silicon chip.
- Parallel port transmits and receives several bits of data at a time (typically 8 bits). It is used to connect printers.
- Random Access Memory (RAM) is a volatile memory i.e. its contents are lost when the power is switched off.
- The IEEE 802 Standard comprises a family of networking standards that cover the physical layer specifications of technologies from Ethernet to wireless. 802.11 standard is for wireless fidelity while 802.15 is for wireless personal area network.
- Unicode provides 2 bytes i.e 16 bits to represent each symbol. Its range could be anything upto 65,536 different symbols or characters.
- Gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit.
- To restart a computer, shortcut key is Ctrl + Alt + Del.
- 'Happy Birthday Joshi' virus was first discovered in India in June 1990 while Brain was the first virus to hit computers with operating system MS-DOS.
- Java is an object oriented programming language developed by James Gosling.
- A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents a algorithm or process with the help of standard symbols. For e.g. each step is shown within a rectangle while each decision is displayed in a diamond and arrows symbolise the direction in which the process is flowing.
- A series 100 POST error code indicates a problem with the system board. POST stands for Power On Self Test.
- A register is a combination of memory storage locations called flip-flops. Each flip-flop can store one bit of information.
- Bar Code Reader reads the Universal Product Code (UPC) and is used to know the item price from a computer system.
- Central Processing Unit (CPU) is known as the brain of the computer and responsible for processing data.
- DPI stands for Dots Per Inch, which indicates the resolution of images.
- FORTRAN stands for Formula Translation. It was he first high level language invented by John Backus for scientific and engineering purpose.
- In Simplex channel transmission of data is always in one direction i.e only sender can send data but receiver can't, for e.g radio or television broadcasting.
- Booting the system means loading the operating system.
Test Your Memory
Take quiz
a. Alan Turing
b. John Von Neumann
c. Tony Hoare
d. Ronald Rivest
Ques 2. Who among the following is the first female computer scientist and programmer who also worked with Charles Babbage?
a. Augusta Ada Bryon
b. Anita Borg
c. Adele Goldberg
d. Margret Hamilton
Ques 3. Jack St. Clair Kelby and Robert Noyce invented the first
a. Flash Chips
b. Microscopic transistors
c. Processing Device
d. Integrated Circuit (IC).
b. Microscopic transistors
c. Processing Device
d. Integrated Circuit (IC).
Ques 4. Random Access Memory (RAM) is a
a. cache memory
b. volatile memory
c. non-volatile memory
d. secondary memory
Ques 5. The IEEE 802.11 standard is a for
a. EPN
b. SAN
c. wireless fidelity
d. PAN
Ques 6. Unicode provides 2 bytes and each of its symbol represents
a. 8 bits
b. 16 bits
c. 32 bits
d. 64 bits
Ques 7. Gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only
a. 1 bit
b. 2 bits
c. 4 bits
d. 3 bits
Ques 8. To restart a computer, shortcut key is Ctrl + Alt +
a. Shift
b. Delete
c. Insert
d. F8
Ques 9. Which was the first virus to hit computers with operating system MS-DOS?
a. Flashback
b. Zeus
c. Melissa
d. Brain
Ques 10. A register is a combination of memory storage locations called flip-flops. Each flip-flop can store information ofa. 8 bits
b. 1 bit
c. 4 bits
d. 10 bits
Ques 11. POST stands for
a. Power On Self Test
b. Power On Self Testing
c. Power On System Test
d. Power Off Self Test
Ques 12. UPC stands for
a. Unified Product Code
b. Universal Purchase Code
c. Universal Production Code
d. Universal Product Code
Ques 13. DPI stands for Dots Per Inch, which indicates the
a. resolution of images
b. location of images
c. size of images
d. compression of images
