| Year |
Invention |
Inventor (s) |
Notes |
| 16th Century |
Abacus |
China |
First Mechanical calculator |
| - |
Antikythera mechanism |
|
First known analog computer |
| 1617 |
Napier’s Bones |
John Napier |
It is used for calculation of products and quotients of numbers and the technique was also called Rabdology
|
| 1620-30 |
Slide Rule: Slipstick in United States |
Circular Slide Rule: Edmund Gunter Modern Slide Rule: William Oughtred |
It is a mechanical analog computer |
| 1642 |
Arithmetic Machine/ Pascal’s Calculator/ Pascaline |
Blaise Pascal |
It was a complicated set of gears that operated similarly to clock. It was designed to only perform addition. |
| 1672-1694 |
Stepped Reckoner |
Gottfried Whilhelm Leibniz |
First calculator that could perform all four arithmetic operations addition, subtraction, multiplication and division |
| 1801 |
Jacquard loom |
Joseph Marie Jacquard |
It used card of holes for weaving pattern. First mechanical loom Introduced Punch cards. |
| 1823 |
Difference engine |
Charles Babbage |
It is an automatic mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. |
| 1837 |
Analytical Engine |
Charles Babbage |
First mechanical general-purpose computer |
| 1890 |
Tabulating Machine |
Herman Hollerith |
It was developed to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census |
| 1935 |
Z1 |
Konrad Zuse |
First freely programmable computer |
| 1944 |
MARK – 1 |
Howard Alken and Grace Hopper |
First electro-mechanical computer |
| 1939 |
ABC: Atanasoff Berry Computer |
John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry |
First automatic electronic digital computer. It used the Binary Number system of 1s and 0s |
| 1946 |
ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integartor and Computer |
John Presper Eckert & John W Mauchly |
First electronic general-purpose computer |
| 1949 |
EDSAC: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calulator |
John von Neumann |
First computer to store program |
| 1949 |
EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer |
John Presper Eckert & John W Mauchly |
It was a binary serial computer with automatic addition, subtraction multplication, programmed division and automatic checking with an ultrasonic serial memory. |
| 1951 |
UNIVAC: Universal Automatic Computer |
John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchy |
First general-purpose computer for commercial use |
| 1947 |
Transistors |
John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley |
It is a semiconductor device that could replace a vacuum tube. First used in IBM 650 |
| 1961 |
ICs: Integrated Circuits |
Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce |
It can replaced a hundred of transistors First used in 1BM 360. |
| 1970 |
Microprocessors |
Marcian Hoff, Masatoshi Shima and Stanley Mazor |
The Intel 4004 (four-thousand-four) is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971. It was the first
microprocessor |
| 1964 |
Computer Mouse & graphical user interface (GUI) |
Douglas Engelbart |
This marks the evolution of the computer from a specialized machine for scientsts and mathematicians to technology that is more accessible to the general public |
| 1970 |
Intel 1103: DRAM chip |
Intel company |
First Dynamic Access Memory (DRAM) chip |
| 1971 |
Floppy Disk |
Alan Shugart & IBM team |
Nicknamed the Floppy for its flexibility |
| 1973 |
Ethernet |
Robert Metcalfe & Xerox |
Its connects multiple computers and other hardware |
| 1974-1975 |
Personal Computer: Scelbi, Mark-8, Altair, IBM 5100 |
Scelbi Computer Consulting Company, Jonathan Titus, Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS), IBM (respectively) |
The first consumer computers
The IBM 5100 becomes the first commercially available portable computer |
| 1976-1977 |
Apple I,II |
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak |
Apple I, the first computer with a single-circuit board Apple Il offers color graphics and incorporates an audio cassette drive for storage |
| 1981 |
MS-DOS Computer Operating System |
Bill Gates and Paul Allen |
It introduces a whole new language to the general public. Typing and various cryptic commands gradually becomes part of daily work. People discover the backslash () key |
| 1981 |
Acorn |
IBM |
First IBM personal computer |
| 1983-1984 |
Lisa, Apple Macintosh |
Apple Inc. |
First personal computer with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) |
| 1985 |
Microsoft Windows |
Microsoft Corporation |
Microsoft ships Windows 1.0. Now, rather than typing MS-DOS commands, you just move a mouse to point and click your way through screens, or 'windows. Bill Gates says, "lt is unique software designed for the serious PC user." |
| 1990 |
Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML) and World Wide Web(WWW) |
Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau |
WWWW is an information system of interlinked hypertext documents that are accessed via the Internet. It has also commonly become known simply as the Web |
| 2003 |
AMD’s Athion 64 |
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. |
First 64-bit processor |
| 2004 |
Mozilla’s Firefox 1.0 |
Mozilla Foundation and contributors Mozilla Corporation |
It challenges Microsoft's Internet Explorer, the dominant web browsers |
| 2006 |
MacBook Pro |
Apple Inc. |
First Intel-based, dual-core mobile computer |
| 2007 |
iPhone |
Apple Inc. |
Original Smartphone era begins from here. |
| 2008 |
Android |
Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Google |
T-Mobile G1 Is the First-ever Android device, had quirky design elements like the swing-out keyboard and the "chin |
| 2010 |
iPad |
Apple Inc. |
Apple releases the original iPad |
| 2011 |
3D transistors |
Intel Corporation |
Intel announces the commercialisation of 3D transistors |
| 2012 |
Ultrabook |
Intel Corporation |
It is a specification and trademarked brand by Intel for a class of high- end subnotebooks which are designed to feature reduced bulk without compromising battery life |
| 2014 |
Intel®CoreTM i7-5960X |
Intel Corporation |
Intel unveiled its first eight-core desktop processor. |
| 2015 |
Ubuntu operating system |
Canonical Ltd. Ubuntu community contributors, The carrier Advisory Group |
The BQ Aquaris E4.5 Ubuntu Edition becomes the first phone running the Ubuntu operating system to be released February 11, 2015 |
