Introduction:
- The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), New Delhi has released the “Vocational Education First -the State of Education Report for India, 2020: Technical and Vocation Education and (TVET)” virtually. The report has been prepared by the Tata Institute of Social Sciences. This is the second edition of the report.
Aim:
- This time, the report gives importance to technical and vocational education and training, to attain an inclusive and equitable growth to drive the economy towards the next phase of socio-economic development.
- It also aims to support the Government of India, which has already dedicated Skill India Mission as an important national policy for skill development.
Key Findings:
- According to the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), 10 million people are trained each year across all the ministries.
- Around 10,158 state-government-run schools are offering vocational education to over 1.2 million students in Grades 11–12, along with 8,583 CBSE schools.
- India aims to create a skilled workforce of 110 million by 2022: National Policy of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (NPSDE), 2015.
- NPSDE has recommended 25% of schools and colleges to offer vocational courses to integrate vocational education with formal education.
- The New Education Policy 2020, has suggested that 50% of all learners should receive vocational education by 2025.
- There are only 0.28 million apprentices in India in 2019-20, which is only 0.06% of the workforce in most of the countries.
- Number of people in NEET (not in education, employment, or training) segment: 257 million.
- 96.2% of the people in NEET segment are women.
- 96.6% of women had no formal vocational training, of which 42% are under 30 years and 67% living in rural areas.
- Youth unemployment may increase to 32.5% in 2020, as compared to 23% in 2019 because of the covid-19 pandemic.
Recommendations:
The report has suggested a set of 10 reports to achieve the vision of TVET. They are:- Place learners and their aspirations at the centre of vocational education and training programmes
- Create an appropriate ecosystem for teachers
- Focus on upskilling, reskilling and lifelong learning
- Ensure inclusive access to TVET for women, persons with disabilities, and other disadvantaged learners
- Massively expand the digitalization of vocational education and training.
- Support local communities in generating livelihoods by capitalizing on India's cultural heritage
- Align better with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
- Deploy innovative models of financing TVET
- Expand evidence-based research for better planning and monitoring
- Establish a robust coordinating mechanism for inter-ministerial cooperation.
Quick Facts
Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009-
- The Right to Education Act (RTE) is an act of the Parliament of India. It was enacted on 4 August 2009.
- The act describes the importance to provide free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (RPWD) Act 2016-
- The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 is an act of the Indian Parliament which replaced Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995.
- This New Act was brought to bring the law in line with the United National Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD).
UNESCO-
- Founded on 16 November 1945, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It is headquartered in Paris, France.
- Audrey Azoulay is the present Director-General of UNESCO.
Questions:
Q: 1. Which organization released The State of Education Report for India 2020?a. National Skill Development Corporation
b. World Economic Forum
c. UNICEF India
d. UNESCO India
e. None of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: The State of Education Report for India 2020 was released by UNESCO India.
Q: 2. According to NEP 2020, which is the target year to provide 50% of the learning population with vocational training?
a. 2023
b. 2024
c. 2022
d. 2021
e. 2025
Answer: e
Explanation: According to NEP 2020, 50% of all the learners should be vocational education training by 2025.
